Association between ischemic heart disease and colorectal neoplasm: a systematic review and meta-analysis

PURPOSE Colorectal neoplasm and ischemic heart disease (IHD) share common risk factors. However, clinical guidance about screening or surveillance of colorectal neoplasm in patients with IHD has not been made. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between IHD and the development of colorectal neoplasm. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted using the core databases (MEDLINE through PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library). The data about the association between IHD and the development of colorectal neoplasm were extracted and analyzed using odds ratio (OR). A random effect model was applied. The methodological quality of the enrolled studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Publication bias was evaluated through the funnel plot with trim and fill method, Egger's test, and the rank correlation test. RESULTS A total of 3069 patients from 4 non-randomized studies were enrolled. IHD was associated with colorectal neoplasm (OR 1.869, 95 % CI 1.375-2.542, p < 0.001). Sensitivity analyses showed consistent results. Publication bias was not detected. CONCLUSION Patients with IHD is associated with colorectal neoplasm, which warrants screening or surveillance of colorectal neoplasm in this group of patients.